Vision-Based Smart Weed Detection Robotic Arm for Precision Agriculture

International Journal of Emerging Research in Science, Engineering, and Management
Vol. 2, Issue 4, pp. 16-23, April 2026.

https://doi.org/10.58482/ijersem.v2i4.3

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Vision-Based Smart Weed Detection Robotic Arm for Precision Agriculture

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M Lakshmi Prasanna

Gajula Himaja

Bakkeru Guru Prashanth

Dhananjaya Bhuvana

Metikota Dharmendra

Alligunta Dhanush Kumar

Department of ECE, Siddartha Institute of Science and Technology, Puttur, AP, India.

Abstract: The Robot Plant Picking System is an autonomous agricultural platform designed to detect and remove unhealthy or undesired plants from cultivated fields. The system integrates a Raspberry Pi single-board computer interfaced with a USB camera for real-time image acquisition. Captured images are processed using image processing algorithms to classify plant health status and identify target specimens for removal. Actuation is performed through a robotic arm driven by an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, which executes precise plucking operations based on classification outputs. Locomotion is achieved through a DC motor-driven chassis controlled via a motor driver circuit, ensuring stable and navigable field traversal. A Bluetooth module enables wireless communication for remote operation and manual override, improving field-level flexibility. The entire system is powered by a 12V rechargeable battery regulated through an onboard power management circuit. Automation of plant-level decision-making and removal significantly reduces human labour, increases operational efficiency, and introduces high precision in selective plant management within precision agriculture frameworks.

Keywords: Image processing, Raspberry Pi, Autonomous agricultural system, Plant health detection, DC motor chassis.

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This article is part of Volume 2, Issue 4 (April 2026)